The Story of the First Lawn Mower

Formal lawns made of short, well-maintained grass first appeared in France around the 1700s, and the idea soon spread to England and the rest of the world. But the methods of maintaining lawns were labor-intensive, inefficient or inconsistent: Lawns were first kept clean and tidy by having animals graze on the grass, or by the use of scythe, sickle, or shears to hand-cut the grass lawns. That changed in the mid-19th century with the invention of the lawnmower.   Machine for Mowing Lawns The first patent for a mechanical lawn mower described as a Machine for mowing lawns, etc. was granted on August 31, 1830, to engineer, Edwin Beard Budding (1795-1846) from Stroud, Gloucestershire, England.  Buddings design was based on a cutting tool used for the uniform trimming of carpet. It was a reel-type mower that had a series of blades arranged around a cylinder. John Ferrabee, owner of Phoenix Foundry at Thrupp Mill, Stroud, first produced the Budding lawn mowers, which were sold to the Zoological Gardens in London (see illustration). In 1842,  Scotsman Alexander Shanks invented  a 27-inch pony drawn reel lawn mower. The first United States patent for a reel lawn mower was granted to Amariah Hills on January 12, 1868. Early lawn mowers were often designed to be horse-drawn, with the horses often wearing oversized leather booties to prevent lawn damage. In 1870, Elwood McGuire of Richmond, Indiana designed a very popular human pushed lawn mower; while it wasnt the first to be human-pushed, his design was very lightweight and became a commercial success. Steam-powered lawn mowers appeared in the 1890s. In 1902, Ransomes produced the first commercially available mower powered by an internal combustion gasoline engine. In the United States, gasoline powered lawn mowers were first manufactured in 1919 by Colonel Edwin George.   On May 9, 1899, John Albert Burr patented an improved rotary blade lawn mower. While marginal improvements have been made in mower technology (including the all-important riding mower), some municipalities and companies are bringing back the old ways by using grazing goats as a low-cost, low-emission mower alternative.

Synonyms for Petit, Small, and Short in French

If you want to learn to speak French more skillfully, start with vocabulary. In French classes, you tend to learn the most common, basic terms. The adjective petit is one example of a very common French word that can be replaced by any number of synonyms. Learn some different ways to say small and short, and note the different nuances. Click on each word to hear it pronounced. Small or Short in French Petit means small or short, depending on how its used and the words that are used with it. Jai besoin dun petit carton.I need a small box. Elle est assez petite.She is fairly short. Petit can also be modified by tout to emphasize the smallness: Il y a un tout petit problà ¨me.Theres a tiny problem. Synonyms for Petit Court means short or brief. Vous devriez à ©crire une introduction courte.You should write a short introduction. Il a la mà ©moire courte.He has a short memory. Étriquà © means narrow or tight. Cà ©tait une victoire à ©triquà ©e.It was a narrow victory. Ton pantalon a lair dà ªtre assez à ©triquà ©.Your pants look pretty tight. Faible means weak or small. Nous navons quune faible quantità © de rà ©serves.We have only a few supplies. Fin means fine or thin. Jaimerais une fine tranche de gà ¢teau.Id like a thin slice of cake. Infime means tiny or miniscule. Il a gagnà © dune majorità © infime.He won by a tiny majority. Là ©ger means light, slight, or minor. Cest une blessure là ©gà ¨re.Its a minor wound. Maigre means meager or slight. ï » ¿Son revenu maigre nest pas suffisant.His meager income is insufficient. Microscopique means microscopic. Les microbes sont microscopiques.Germs are microscopic. Mince means thin, meager, or slender. Nous avons une mince chance de succà ¨s.We have a slender chance of success. Minuscule means miniscule or tiny. Je dà ©teste ces minuscules fenà ªtres dans les salles de bains.I hate those minuscule windows in bathrooms. Modeste means small or modest. Cest un appartement modeste.Its a modest apartment. Nà ©gligeable means negligible or trivial. Jignore les dà ©tails nà ©gligeables.I dont know about the trivial details. Peu is an adverb that means little or not much. Elle parle peu.She speaks little (she doesnt talk very much). Rà ©duit means small. Un nombre rà ©duit de nos à ©tudiants.A small number of our students.

What Can Affect Attitude and Behavior Essay - 2168 Words

What can affect attitude and behavior? Outline I. Family life. a. Divorce and attitude b. Family values c. Modeling adults II. Friendships. a. Friends and behavior. b. Peer pressure. c. Positive friendships. III. Surroundings. a. Home setting. b. Importance of education. c. Environment. IV. Economic Status. a. Career. b. Poverty vs. Middleclass. c. Improving your economic status. A person’s attitude and behavior can be influenced and changed by family, friends, surroundings and economic status. Poverty has negative influences over attitude and behavior, a persons friends can have positive or negative influences over them, and family time and good values can†¦show more content†¦If a child is friends with peers that have been taught and live by the same values, they are more likely to stick to those values than if they are around those that have been taught or that live by different values. An example of this would be if a child is taught by their parents beginning at a young age that sex before marriage is discouraged (Jago, E., 1999). If as a teen they begin to associate with those who believe that sex before marriage is fine, they are more likely to also begin to feel that sex prior to marriage is okay. In Beverly Fagot’s study of preschool children she determined that boys actively discourage feminine behaviors and encourage masc uline behaviors during play (Theories of Gender, n.d.). A child’s behavior and attitude can also be influenced by their home setting. It is often thought that parents and adults influence children’s gender-related behaviors; however, it seems that sex segregation is largely stimulated by the children themselves (Theories of Gender, n.d.). This is most likely because of the different play styles of boys and girls. Boys tend to be more aggressive and assertive and prefer hierarchical group interaction; whereas, girls seem to prefer egalitarian dyadic interaction (Theories of Gender, n.d.). This type of sex-segregation can begin as early as three years of age. Even though parents may not influence their child’sShow MoreRelatedPERSONALITY, ATTITUDES AND JOB PERFORMANCE1021 Words   |  5 PagesBU105 W15 Section 7 Management Principles Dwayne Payne March 29, 2015 Miller-Motte College Online Programs I will be writing my paper on personality, attitudes, and job performance. This subject(s) caught my eye because I am currently working in a job (field) where I deal with people every day. We all have different personalities and attitudes and we all have to learn how to deal with them if we are going to manage or work in these types of environments. Also, we have to be satisfied with our jobsRead MoreHow Children Being Bullied Can Not Only Affect Them1021 Words   |  5 PagesWhen one thinks of bullying, they usually associated it with the phrase, â€Å"Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me† those â€Å"sticks and stones† may not only just break those bones, but can undoubtedly leave a lasting impact on a person and make those hateful words and actions hurt that much more to a point that the person would not know how to deal with them. Bullying has become a problematic issue in today’s society, especially where school age children is concerned. BulliesRead MoreSocilization622 Words   |  3 Pagesone’s attitude, Affects- emotions, Behaviors-actions, Cognitions- thoughts, the ABC’s of attitude (Carter amp; Seifert, 2016, Chapter 16). When our emotions, actions and thoughts are not working together it can be difficult. Finding out more about our behavior will help us learn more about our attitude. The self-perception theory says that we are not fully aware of our attitudes. Most of the time with infer our attitudes based on our behavior. It is the opposite in fact, our behavior affects our attitudeRead MoreOrganizational Behavior, Science, The Real World And You866 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper reflects upon the ideas and themes of the first four chapters of the book: Organizational behavior, Science, the real world and you. It takes us step by step through the conceptual ideas of each chapter and how these concepts are applicable in the real world. The first chapter introduces us to the basics of organizational behavior and the challenges that individuals face in today’s competitive world. An organization is an integration of people, structure and technology to meet an objectiveRead MoreThe Betari Box-Linking Attitude and Behavior1002 Words   |  5 PagesThe Betari Box Linking Attitude and Behavior Also known as Betaris Box, Betaris Box, and the Cycle of Conflict The impact of attitude and behavior on each other is a closed loop.  © iStockphoto/MikeRickword Natashas boss mistrusted her. This wasnt because she was incompetent – rather, it seemed to be a matter of principle for him. He spent most of the day watching people to make sure they did their work correctly. He watched the clock to ensure that everyones lunch hour was exactly oneRead MoreIndividual Behaviour Research Paper983 Words   |  4 Pages3rd lecture Individual Behavior Prof. Dr. Robert J. Zaugg robert.zaugg@unifr.ch Individual Behavior Learning Objectives †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Explain the nature of the individual-organization relationship Define personality and describe personality attributes that affect behavior in organizations Discuss individual attitudes in organizations and how they affect behavior Describe basic perceptual processes and the role of attributions in organizations Explain how workplace behaviors can directly or indirectlyRead MoreOrganizational Behavior And Human Behavior1217 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational behavior studies the impact of groups, individuals, and structures have on the personal human behavior within many organizations. There is many different definitions of organizational behavior, but they are all relatively the same in all cases. â€Å"Organizational behavior studies organizations from multiple viewpoints, including behavior within the organization and in relation to other organizations (Boundless.com).† This is not just the study on one organization, but the study withinRead MoreAttitude Formation1356 Word s   |  6 PagesAttitude Formation Lawanda Thomas Walden University Attitude Formation The field of social psychology focuses on understanding the behavior of an individual and seeks to include the aspects of external and internal influences that impact behavior. Not only is ones behavior impacted by emotions, behavior is also impacted by how an individual perceives a situation and acceptance to engage in that situation (Fiske, 2010). Hogg and Cooper (2007) argue social psychologists note individuals viewRead MoreA Brief Note On Environmental Psychology Research Methods Essay713 Words   |  3 Pagesstudy conducted by Megan J. Bissing-Olsoni, Aarti Iyer, Kelly S. Fielding and Hannes Zacher, a survey/diary design was used to examine the relationship of pro-environmental behavior, employees daily affect, pro-environmental attitude, daily task-related pro-environmental behavior, and daily proactive pro-environmental behavior. There were 56 participants in the study and they were all employed in small businesses. The surveys were done twice daily, after the initial ba seline survey was conductedRead MoreThe Structure Of Attitudes Through The Abc Model1124 Words   |  5 Pagesthat people’s attitudes define whether they have a successful, bright, happy future. Most people can agree that this is the case, but people must ask themselves why and what really makes up a person’s attitude. In past years, attitude was recognized as one of the most important psychological experiences of human beings. Over time, the significance of attitudes has increased specifically in understanding how people come to be who they are. This paper will discuss the structure of attitudes through the

Themes in hamlet free essay sample

Impossibility of Certainty and Delay of Action Hamlet undoubtedly takes a long time to avenge his father’s murder, and his hesitation is his tragic flaw. He spends a great deal of effort thinking and analyzing and far less acting on his dead father’s request for revenge. Hamlet’s delay of action is a direct result of his attempts to obtain more certain knowledge about what he needs to do as well as the circumstances of his father’s death. However, had he not taken so long, the play would not have been – indeed, it relies upon Hamlet’s hesitation. Revenge There are at least three instances of characters seeking revenge in the play. Young Fortinbras seeks revenge against Denmark because Old King Hamlet killed his father and took his father’s lands. Hamlet wants revenge against Claudius for his own father’s murder. Laertes wants revenge against Hamlet for killing his father, Polonius. We will write a custom essay sample on Themes in hamlet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Deception The characters in the play demonstrate several acts of deception. King Claudius hides the fact that he murdered his brother, King Hamlet. Hamlet conceals his knowledge of the murder and he also conceals his sanity. In fact, a lot of the play depends on Hamlet’s â€Å"antic disposition.† Polonius hides his loyalty to King Claudius and spies on Hamlet. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern pretend to be loyal to Hamlet, but are actually in liege with King Claudius. Near the end of the play, Gertrude hides her knowledge of Hamlet’s antic disposition. Theater vs. Life This play is about acting: Hamlet acts insane, Claudius pretends to be a legitimate and sincere king, and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern portray themselves as loyal friends to Hamlet. The turning point in the play relies upon the play-within-a-play. There is a question of the idea of appearance vs. reality and whether people are being honest or performing for some other benefit. The Mystery of Death The idea of death is closely tied to the motifs of spirituality, truth, and uncertainty as death may bring answers to Hamlet’s uncertainty. Since death is both the cause and consequence of revenge, it is also tied to the theme of revenge. Hamlet is obsessed with death and considers many perspectives of death throughout the play. He ponders the spiritual aftermath of death (from the ghost of his father) and the physical aftermath of death (in the corpses and Yorick’s skull). Hamlet contemplates his own death: is suicide morally legitimate in an unbearably painful world? Hamlet wants to die to end his pain; however he is afraid of the moral consequences of killing himself. The Nation as a Diseased Body Throughout the play, there is a connection between the welfare of the royal family and the health of the state. In the early scenes of the play, there is a sense of anxiety and dread surrounding the transfer of power from one ruler to the next. If the state of Denmark is a body and the king is the head of that body, and if the king is murdered, what does that mean for the health of the nation/body? Moreover, if the new king is a corrupted murderer, then the wellbeing of the state of Denmark is further compromised. Denmark may be seen as a physical body made ill by the moral corruption of King Claudius and Queen Gertrude. Hence, â€Å"Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.† Loyalty Despite the many instances of distrust and deception, some characters remain true and constant. Hamlet is forever loyal to his father. Even before learning of his father’s murder, he mourned him grievously. Laertes is loyal to Ophelia and Polonius. Horatio remains loyal to Hamlet throughout the play. Interestingly, Gertrude is torn between her loyalty to Claudius and her loyalty to Hamlet. However, she keeps her loyalty to Hamlet in the end by maintaining her promise to hide his antic disposition. Hamlet: Characters